Tafsir of Surah As-Saffat - Verse 130

إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَلاَ تَتَّقُونَ

(When he said to his people: "Will you not have Taqwa") means, `do you not fear Allah when you worship others instead of Him'

أَتَدْعُونَ بَعْلاً وَتَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ الْخَـلِقِينَ

(Will you call upon Ba`l and forsake the Best of creators,) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Qatadah and As-Suddi said that the word Ba`l means lord. `Ikrimah and Qatadah said, "This is the language of the people of Yemen." According to another report from Qatadah, it is the language of Azd Shanu'ah. `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam narrated from his father that it is the name of an idol which was worshipped by the people of a city called Ba`labak (Baalbek) which is to the west of Damascus. Ad-Dahhak said, "It is an idol which they used to worship."

أَتَدْعُونَ بَعْلاً

(Will you call upon Ba`l) means, `will you worship an idol,'

أَتَدْعُونَ بَعْلاً وَتَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ الْخَـلِقِينَ - اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَرَبَّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ

(and forsake the Best of creators, Allah, your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers) means, `He is the One Who is deserving of your worship alone, with no partners or associates.'

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ

(But they denied him, so they will certainly be brought forth,) means, for the punishment on the Day of Reckoning.

إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ

(Save the chosen servants of Allah.) means, those who believe in Him alone.

وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى الاٌّخِرِينَ

(And We left for him among the later generations.) means, he is praised and spoken of highly.

سَلَـمٌ عَلَى إِلْ يَاسِينَ

(Salam (peace!) be upon Ilyasin!) Similarly, one might say for Isma`il, Isma`in. This is the language (dialect) of Bani Asad; they say Mikal, Mika'il, and Mika'in. They say Ibrahim and Ibraham; Isra'il, Isra'in; Tur Sina', Tur Sinin. All of that is fine.

إِنَّا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ - إِنَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

(Verily, thus do We reward the doers of good. Verily, he was one of Our believing servants.) We have already discussed the meaning of this above. And Allah knows best.

The word: إِلْ يَاسِينَ (il ya sin) used in: سَلَامٌ عَلَىٰ إِلْ يَاسِينَ (Salam on it ya sin -130) is also the very name of Sayyidna Ilyas (علیہ السلام) . The people of Arabia are used to adding the letters 'ya' and 'nun' with non-Arab names fairly often - for example, (sina: Sinai) could take the form of سِینِین (sinin). Similarly, here too, two letters have been added.

Elijah (Elias or Ilyas) was probably a descendant of Aaron (Harun). He lived in the ninth century B.C. at a time when Israel (Palestine) was governed by the Jewish King, Ahab, while Lebanon, was ruled by Phoenicians, polytheists who worshipped Baal (ba‘l). Ahab married the daughter of the King of Lebanon. Under the influence of their Queen, the Jews began worshipping Baal. Then, Elijah calling upon the Jews to worship One God, which was their original (ancestral) religion. A detailed account of Elijah is given in the Bible. Only a few Jews supported Elijah in his mission. Many of them opposed him to the extent of hatching plots to murder him. But Elijah subsequently attained a high status among the Jews. Now, in Jewish history, he is treated as a great prophet.